Before addressing acne scars and their treatment, it's important to point out that acne red marks that may mirror scars are not actually scars because no permanent change has occurred. In other words they are not real scarring and disappear in time, nonetheless while they are visible they can cause uneasiness.

Lesions known as macules or "pseudo-scars" are flat, red or reddish spots that appear in the final stage of most inflamed acne lesions. After an inflamed acne lesion flattens, a macule may remain in the lesion's site for up to 6 more months. When a macule finally fades, no trace of it will remain, unlike a scar.

Post-inflammatory pigmentation is darkening or discoloration of the skin at the site of a healed or healing inflamed acne lesion. The lesion's color can range from light brown to black. Lesions may become darker if exposed to sunlight (UV rays). It happens more commonly in darker-skinned people, but can be sometimes seen in people with fair skin. Early treatment with a natural skin care cream minimizes the occurrence of post-inflammatory pigmentation and also vanishes existing marks. Some post-inflammatory pigmentation if untreated may persist for up to 18 months, specially with exaggerated sunlight exposure.

Acne Related Scars

Acne scars appear after inflammation or improper healing of some spots. While for some people scarring seems to depend on hereditary factors or skin color, precautions can be taken to avoid scars along with treatments, which significantly reduce a scarred skin's appearance.

In the simplest terms, scars form at the site of injury and are the visible reminders of injury and tissue repair. In the case of acne, the lesion is caused by the body's inflammatory response to sebum, bacteria, and dead cells in the plugged sebaceous follicle. There are two types of true scars:

(1) Depressed areas such as pitted acne scarring or ice-pick scars, and

(2) Raised thickened tissue such as keloids.

When tissue suffers an injury, the body rushes in its 'repair kit' to the injury site. The skin activitates all its defensive and repair systems, where elements such as leukocytes, inflammatory molecules, and reconstructive elements have the task of repairing tissue and fighting infection. However, when their mission is done they can leave a somewhat messy repair site in the form of fibrous scar tissue, or deteriorated tissue. But sometimes it's different.

Leukocytes and inflammatory molecules may remain at the site of an active acne lesion for days or even weeks. In people who are susceptible to scarring the result may be an acne scar. The occurrence and incidence of scarring is still not well understood, however. There is an important variation in scarring between one person and another, indicating that some people are more prone to scarring than others (ex. hereditary factors or complexion). Scarring frequently results from severe inflammatory nodular cystic acne that happens deep within the skin. But, scarring may also appear from more superficial inflamed lesions.

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